DNA damage repair: historical perspectives, mechanistic pathways and ...
Based on this background, we suggest two hypotheses, namely “environmental gear selection” to describe DNA damage repair pathway evolution, and “DNA damage baseline drift”, which may play a magnified role in mediating repair during cancer treatment.
DNA Repair - Molecular Biology of the Cell - NCBI Bookshelf
Many DNA repair pathways and the genes that encode them—which we now know operate in a wide variety of organisms, including humans—were originally identified in bacteria by the isolation and characterization of mutants that displayed an increased mutation rate or an increased sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents.
DNA repair - Wikipedia
DNA repair is a collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome. [1] In human cells, both normal metabolic activities and environmental factors such as radiation can cause DNA damage, resulting in tens of thousands of individual molecular lesions per cell per day. [2]
DNA damage repair: historical perspectives, mechanistic pathways and ...
2021年7月9日 · Based on this background, we suggest two hypotheses, namely “environmental gear selection” to describe DNA damage repair pathway evolution, and “DNA damage baseline drift”, which may play a...
Exploring DNA Damage and Repair Mechanisms: A Review with …
2024年1月24日 · It is crucial to establish a background context that facilitates efficient repair by signaling the presence of DNA lesions. Since DNA repair mechanisms can also be employed as anti-cancer treatments in medical practice, various genotoxic chemicals have been used for several years to cause DNA damage [ 21 ].
Tomas Lindahl, Paul Modrich and Aziz Sancar are awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2015 for having mapped and explained how the cell repairs its DNA and safeguards the genetic information. The foundation of who you are was created when 23 chromosomes from a sperm combined with 23 chro-mosomes from an egg.
Mechanisms of DNA damage, repair and mutagenesis - PMC
At least five major DNA repair pathways—base excision repair (BER), nucleotide excision repair (NER), mismatch repair (MMR), homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ)—are active throughout different stages of the cell cycle, allowing the cells to repair the DNA damage.
Factors Affecting DNA Stability and Repair Mechanisms
2025年1月12日 · DNA Repair Mechanisms. The integrity of DNA is constantly challenged by a variety of factors, necessitating a robust system of repair mechanisms to preserve genetic fidelity. Among these, nucleotide excision repair (NER) is adept at correcting bulky lesions caused by UV radiation or chemical exposure. NER operates by recognizing distortions in ...
SnapShot: DNA repair pathways - ScienceDirect
2024年1月4日 · Cells have evolved multiple DNA repair pathways that function in overlapping manners, with principles shared across species. Here, we depict the main DNA repair pathways cells rely on, with the primary lesions they are tackling, along with …
Genetics, DNA Damage and Repair - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf
2023年8月14日 · One must first make the distinction between large-scale mutations, where a whole chunk of a chromosome is lost, relocated, or rearranged, vs. point mutation. A point mutation is typically a change in just one base pair in a DNA molecule, and a difference of even only one nucleotide can be enough to cause significant problems in the body. [2] .