failure to improve after conservative therapy- Automated percutaneous discectomy Same as above Central or lateral recess stenosis, synovial joint cysts, sequestered or free fragments, narrow base ...

ABSTRACT: Background: Surgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation is a widely debated topic, with several techniques available. Percutaneous endoscopic discectomy (PELD) has gained popularity due to ...

A percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram (per-kew-tay-nee-us trans-hep-attic col-an-jee-o-gram) is a way of looking at your bile ducts using x-rays. This test is also called a PTC. You may have a ...

Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is a type of spine surgery used for the treatment of neck or arm pain caused by cervical radiculopathy. This surgery involves the removal of a protruding ...

The clinical indications for microdiscectomy are similar to those for automated percutaneous discectomy and chemonucleolysis and include unilateral radicular symptoms with leg pain more severe ...